Prostaglandins

21 January 2024, 19:09

The most important derivatives of arachidonic acid are prostaglandins - endogenous substances that act in small doses as hormones and have the basic structure of prostanoic acid. Prostaglandins influence blood flow regulation, kidney function and the endocrine system (for example, they reduce progesterone production by the corpus luteum); they also stimulate smooth muscle contraction or dilate blood vessels, prevent platelet aggregation and regulate gastric juice secretion. The following prostaglandins, derivatives and analogs are included here:

a) alprostadil (INN) (prostaglandin E1). The main prostaglandin, crystallized from biological extracts. It is used as a vasodilator. It also stimulates the release of erythropoietin from kidney cortex and suppresses blood platelet aggregation;

b) alphaprostol (INN). A synthetic analog of prostaglandin, used for treating infertility in mares;

c) tilsuprost (INN). An analogue of prostaglandin in which oxygen and carbon atoms are replaced by nitrogen and sulfur atoms in a closed ring.

This category also includes other synthetic products such as prostalen (INN), dinoprost (INN), etc., in which the basic structure of natural compounds is preserved and similar physiological activity is present

Source: "Explanatory Notes to the Harmonized System of the Russian Federation for Foreign Economic Activity (HS of Russia)" (prepared by the Customs Authority of the Russian Federation) (volume 1, sections I - VI, groups 1 - 29)