Scale insect
4. Cochineal and similar insects. Cochineal is an insect that lives on certain species of cactus. In trade, three types of cochineal are known: black, grey or silver, and reddish. Cochineal produces a red dye (cochineal extract) (HS code 3203), which is used for the production of a bright red lacquer called carmine (HS code 3205).
Among insects similar to cochineal, the most important is kermes, or kermes scale insect, which lives on one of the varieties of dwarf oak. Kermes is used for producing vivid and durable red dyes that are included in HS code 3203.
The insect kermes should not be confused with "kermes mineral" (HS code 3824).
Cochineal and kermes are supplied in a dried form and may be whole or in powder.
Source: "Explanations to the Harmonized System of the Russian Federation for Foreign Economic Activity (HS of Russia)" (prepared by the Federal Customs Service of Russia) (volume 1, sections I - VI, groups 1 - 29)