Highway
14. Freeways are highways that are not intended for serving adjacent areas and:
1) have multiple lanes throughout their entire length and a central divider strip not intended for traffic movement;
2) do not intersect at grade with other highways, as well as railways, tramway tracks, bicycle paths, and pedestrian pathways;
3) are accessible only through interchanges at different levels with other highways, provided no more frequently than every five kilometers;
4) prohibit the stopping and parking of vehicles on their carriageways or lanes;
5) are equipped with special rest areas and vehicle parking areas.
15. Highways that belong to freeways must be specially marked as freeways
Source: Federal Law No. 257-FZ dated November 8, 2007 (as amended on November 28, 2011) "On Roads and Road Activities in the Russian Federation and on Amending Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation"
"Motorway" - a road marked by sign 5.1 <*> and having for each direction of traffic lanes separated from each other by a median strip (and if there is no median strip, by a road barrier), without intersections at grade with other roads, railway or tram tracks, pedestrian or cycle paths
Source: Government Decree No. 1090 dated October 23, 1993 (as amended on November 12, 2012) "On Road Traffic Rules" (together with "Basic Provisions on the Admission of Vehicles to Operation and the Obligations of Officials to Ensure Road Safety")