Property right on natural resources and the right to use natural resources
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- General Provisions
- Property Rights Over Natural Resources
- Forms of Ownership of Natural Resources
- The Right to Use Natural Resources
- Main Types of Nature Use:
- Legal basis for natural resource utilization
- Limits and prohibitions in the field of natural resource utilization
General Provisions
In the Russian Federation, natural resources are objects of property rights and nature use. Their utilization is regulated by norms of environmental law, civil law, land, water, forest, and other specialized legislation.
The property rights over natural resources and the right to use natural resources represent fundamental elements of the legal system of the Russian Federation, regulating relations between the state, society, and citizens in the sphere of utilizing natural wealth. The Constitution of the Russian Federation establishes that land, forests, water objects, and subsoil may be owned by the state, municipal or private entities, while their use must ensure protection and rational utilization.
State property includes natural resources under the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and its subjects, including federal forest areas, water bodies, and subsoil (mineral) resources. Municipal property covers urban and local-level resources such as city forests and water bodies. Private property may include land plots, water bodies, and forest areas transferred to citizens or legal entities, with mandatory compliance with ecological and legal standards.
The Law of Natural Resource Utilization is a set of legal norms regulating the actual use of natural resources. The main types of natural resource utilization include land use, mineral resource use, water use, forest use, as well as hunting and fishing activities. Each area is regulated by specific normative acts, such as the Land Code, Water Code, and Forest Code of the Russian Federation, and requires compliance with established procedures and licenses.
The legal basis for the use of natural resources implies obtaining licenses, concluding lease agreements, meeting environmental requirements, and paying established taxes and fees. These measures ensure the lawful use of natural resources and prevent negative impact on the environment. Effective regulation of natural resource usage also includes monitoring compliance with regulations and conducting environmental impact assessments when implementing projects.
Restrictions and prohibitions in the field of natural resource use are aimed at protecting the environment and ensuring rational utilization of resources. Legislation prohibits the destruction of valuable natural objects, limits economic activities on protected territories, and establishes liability for violations of environmental requirements. Joint regulation of property rights over natural resources and rights of resource use creates conditions for sustainable development and preservation of natural heritage for future generations.
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