Specialized authorities responsible for environmental protection and natural resource management

General Provisions

In this section, the system and structure of federal executive authorities of the Russian Federation are considered, their classification into ministries, services, and agencies, as well as the functions, jurisdiction, and powers of the relevant bodies. Special attention is given to the analysis of individual state authorities, their subjects of jurisdiction, and their role in the system of state administration.

Also discussed in the paragraph are the functions of ministries, departments, and agencies responsible for managing environmental protection and natural resource utilization. Issues related to the distribution of powers among the agencies and their involvement in activities concerning environmental protection and natural resource management are considered.

Specialized authorities in the field of environmental protection and natural resource management play a key role in regulating and overseeing the rational use of natural resources. Federal executive bodies, including ministries, services, and agencies, are responsible for developing state policy, normative legal regulation, and supervision in various areas of natural resource management and ecological safety.

About the system and structure of federal executive bodies

By the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation «On the System and Structure of Federal Executive Bodies»¹, it is established that federal executive bodies include federal ministries, federal services, and federal agencies. According to this Decree, ministry – is a federal executive body performing functions of developing state policy and normative regulation in the area of activity established by acts of the President of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Russian Federation. Agency – is federal executive body performing state service provision functions and management. Service – is a federal executive body performing control and supervision functions in the established field of activity. Further consideration will be given to specific bodies with special competence performing management in the field of environmental protection and natural resource management.

Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology of Russia

Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology of the Russian Federation (Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia), performs functions in the formulation of state policy and normative and legal regulation in the field of study, use, reproduction and protection of natural resources, including mineral deposits, water objects, forests located on specially protected natural territories, wildlife objects and their habitat environment, in the field of hunting, in the sphere of hydrology and related fields, monitoring of the surrounding natural environment, its pollution, including in the field of regulation of radiation control and monitoring, as well as in the formulation and implementation

state policy and normative and legal regulation in the field of environmental protection, including issues relating to waste management from production and consumption (hereinafter - waste), specially protected natural territories and state environmental expertise². The Government of the Russian Federation oversees the activities of the Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia³.

Under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of Russia are: Federal Agency for Water Resources (Rosvodresursy); Federal Forestry Agency (Rosselkhosprom); Federal Agency for Mineral Resources (Rosnedra); Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring (Roshydromet); Federal Service for Supervision in the Field of Use of Natural Resources (Rosprirodnadzor)⁴.

Rosvodresursy

Federal Agency for Water Resources (Rosvodresursy) performs functions related to providing state services and managing federal property in the field of water resources⁵.

Rosselkhosprom

Federal Forestry Agency (Roslleshoz), carries out the following functions: developing and implementing state policy and normative regulation in the field of forestry relations (excluding forests located on strictly protected natural territories); supervision and oversight in the field of forestry relations (excluding forests located on strictly protected natural territories); providing state services and managing state property in the field of forestry relations⁶.

Rosnedra

Federal Agency for Subsoil Use (Rosnedra), performs functions related to providing state services and managing state property in the field of subsoil use⁷.

Roshydromet

Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring (Roshydromet), performs functions relating to management of state property and provision of state services in the field of hydrometeorology and related areas, monitoring of the environment, its pollution, and state supervision over activities involving active influence on meteorological and other geophysical processes⁸.

Rosprirodnadzor

Federal Service for Supervision in the Field of Natural Resources Usage (Rosprirodnadzor) performs functions related to control and supervision in the field of natural resources usage, as well as within its competence in the area of environmental protection, including in relation to limiting negative anthropogenic impact, in the field of waste management (excluding radioactive waste) and state environmental expertise. Is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology of the Russian Federation⁹.

Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation

Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation (Ministry of Agriculture of Russia) performs functions: developing state policy and normative legal regulation in the field of agro-industrial complex, including animal husbandry (including breeding of domesticated species and breeds of fish included in the State Register of Protected Breeding Achievements), veterinary services, crop production, plant quarantine, land reclamation, soil fertility, regulation of the market for agricultural products, raw materials and food, food and processing industry, production and circulation of tobacco products, sustainable development

rural areas; in developing and implementing state policy and normative legal regulation in the field of land relations (in the part relating to agricultural lands), in state monitoring of such lands; in providing state services in the agro-industrial complex, including sustainable development of rural areas; in managing state property on subordinate enterprises and institutions¹⁰. The Government of the Russian Federation oversees the activities of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia¹¹. Under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia are: The Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Supervision (Rosselkhoznadzor) and the Federal Agency for Fisheries (Rosrybоловство).

Rosselkhoznadzor

Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance (Rosselkhoznadzor) performs functions related to control and supervision in the field of veterinary medicine, quarantine, plant protection, safe handling of pesticides and agrochemicals, ensuring soil fertility, ensuring the quality and safety of grain, flour, compound feeds and components for their production, by-products of grain processing, land relations (in part relating to agricultural lands), as well as functions related to protecting the population from diseases common to humans and animals¹².

Rosrybalkhoz

Federal Agency for Fisheries (Rosrybolovstvo) performs functions including: developing and implementing state policy and normative and legal regulation in the field of fisheries, including fishing, fish farming (aquaculture), commercial fish farming, conservation of aquatic biological resources, production and sale of fish and other products derived from aquatic biological resources, operational activities on fishing fleet vessels, as well as in the areas of protection, rational use, study, and reproduction of aquatic biological resources and their habitats, excluding aquatic biological resources,

ensuring the safety of navigation for fishing fleet vessels and conducting emergency rescue operations in fishing areas; with regard to monitoring and supervision over aquatic biological resources and their habitat within the internal waters of the Russian Federation, excluding the internal maritime waters of the Russian Federation, as well as the Caspian Sea and Azov Sea until the determination of their legal status, ensuring the safety of navigation for fishing fleet vessels and conducting emergency rescue operations in areas of fisheries; provision of state services, management of state property in the field of fisheries activities, protection, rational use, study, conservation, reproduction of aquatic biological resources and their habitat, as well as aquaculture (aquaculture), commercial fish farming, production of fish and other products from aquatic biological resources, ensuring the safety of navigation for fishing fleet vessels and emergency rescue operations in fishing areas during fishing activities, as well as in the field of production activities on fishing fleet vessels and in maritime ports in part relating to the servicing of vessels of the fishing fleet¹³. ### Rosstandart

Federal Service for Ecological, Technological and Atomic Oversight (Rostekhnadzor), carries out functions related to developing and implementing state policy and normative legal regulation in its established areas of activity, as well as in the field of technological and atomic oversight, functions related to control and supervision in the sphere of safe conduct of work connected with use of subsoil resources, industrial safety, and safety in the use of nuclear energy (excluding activities relating to development, manufacture, testing, operation, and disposal of nuclear weapons and military nuclear power installations),

safety of electrical and thermal installations and networks (excluding household installations and networks), safety of hydraulic structures (excluding navigable hydraulic structures, as well as hydraulic structures for which authority over supervision has been transferred to local self-government bodies), safety in the production, storage, and use of industrial explosives, as well as special functions in the field of state security within this area. The Government of the Russian Federation oversees the activities of Rostekhnadzor ¹⁴. Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation (Ministry of Economic Development of Russia) is a federal executive body performing functions related to developing state policy and normative legal regulation in the field of land relations (excluding agricultural land), state cadastral registration of real estate, state cadastral accounting and cadastral activities, state cadastral valuation, state monitoring of land (excluding agricultural land), state registration of rights to real estate

property, geodesy, and cartography. The management of the activities of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation is carried out by the Government of the Russian Federation¹⁵. The Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation oversees: The Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography (Rosreestr) and the Federal Agency for Management of State Property (Rosimushchestvo)¹⁶.

Rosreestr

Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography (Rosreestr), carries out functions related to state registration of rights to real estate and transactions with it, providing state services in the field of maintaining the state cadastre of real estate, conducting state cadastre registration of real estate, cadastre activities, state cadastre valuation, land management, state monitoring of land, geodesy and cartography, navigation support for the transport complex (excluding issues related to aeronautical navigation services for airspace users)

of the Russian Federation), as well as functions related to the implementation of state geodetic supervision, state land control, oversight of self-regulating organizations of appraisers, supervision (control) of the activities of arbitration managers and self-regulating organizations of arbitration managers, and state metrological supervision in the field of geodetic and cartographic activities¹⁷. ### Federal Agency for State Property Management

Federal Agency for Management of State Property (Rosimущество) performs functions related to management of federal property, organization of sales of privatized federal property, realization of property seized in accordance with court decisions or acts issued by bodies authorized to make decisions on enforcement of claims against property, realization of confiscated, ownerless movable, seized and other property transferred into state ownership in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, provision of state services and Law enforcement functions in the sphere of property and land relations¹⁸.

FSB of Russia

Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation (FSB of Russia) is a federal executive body, within its authority performing state management in the field of: protection of internal waters; territorial sea of the Russian Federation; exclusive economic zone of the Russian Federation; continental shelf of the Russian Federation and their natural resources¹⁹. Supervision of the activities of the FSB of Russia is carried out by the President of the Russian Federation²⁰.

Rosconsumnadzor

The Federal Service for Supervision in the Field of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rosпотребнадзор) performs functions related to control and supervision in the area of ensuring sanitary and epidemiological wellbeing of the population, protection of consumer rights, and the consumer market²¹. The Government of the Russian Federation oversees the activities of Rosпотребнадзор²².

Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation

Ministry of Civil Defense, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters of the Russian Federation (MChS Russia) performs functions related to developing and implementing state policy, normative-legal regulation, as well as supervision and control in the field of civil defense, protection of population and territories from natural and man-made emergencies, ensuring fire safety and safety of people on water bodies²³. The activities of MChS Russia are overseen by the President of the Russian Federation²⁴.

Rosstandart

Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology
(Rosstandart) provides state services, manages state property in the field of technical regulation and ensures measurement unity[^25]. Rosstandart is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation (Minpromtorg Russia)[^26].

[25] Government Decree of the Russian Federation dated 17 June 2004 No. 294 «On the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology» // Collection of Laws of the Russian Federation (СЗ РФ). 2004. No. 25. Article