State Monitoring of Land
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General Provisions
According to Article 67 of the Land Code of the Russian Federation, state land monitoring is a part of state ecological monitoring (state environmental monitoring) and represents a system of observations, assessment, and forecasting aimed at obtaining reliable information on the condition of lands, their quantitative and qualitative characteristics, their use, and the condition of soil fertility. The objects of state land monitoring are all [lands](/enc/9280/ "Definition of the term 'Lands' in
"(“Legal Encyclopedia”) in the Russian Federation."
The objectives of state land monitoring are:
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timely detection of changes in the condition of lands, assessment and forecasting of these changes, development of proposals to prevent negative impact on lands, and to eliminate the consequences of such impact;
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ensuring state authorities are provided with information on the state of the environment in terms of land conditions for the exercise of their powers in the field of land relations, including the implementation of powers by state land supervision (including conducting administrative inspections of land relations objects);
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ensuring local government authorities are provided with information on the state of the environment in terms of land conditions for the purpose of exercising the powers of these bodies in the field of land relations, including by municipal land oversight;
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ensuring legal entities, individual entrepreneurs and citizens are provided with information on the state of the environment in terms of land conditions.
Depending on the objectives of monitoring state land monitoring is divided into land use monitoring and land condition monitoring.
Within the framework of land use monitoring, monitoring of land and land plots is carried out in accordance with their designated purpose.
Within the framework of monitoring the condition of land, monitoring of changes in quantitative and qualitative characteristics of land is carried out, including taking into account data from observations on the condition of soils, their pollution, contamination, degradation, disturbance of land, assessment and forecasting of changes in the condition of land.
The implementation of state monitoring of land in relation to agricultural land and other categories of land used or allocated for agricultural needs is regulated by Federal Law of July 16, 1998 No. 101-FZ "On State Regulation of Ensuring Fertility of Agricultural Land".
Results of state land monitoring are systematized and stored in the state fund of data on state ecological monitoring (state environmental monitoring). Information on results of state land monitoring is publicly available. The procedure for conducting state land monitoring is established by the federal executive authority authorized by the Government of the Russian Federation.